A公(gong)(gong)(gong)司(si)主要(yao)從事床上(shang)用(yong)(yong)品的(de)(de)(de)(de)生產、銷售，生產季節性(xing)較(jiao)強，每(mei)(mei)年7月至9月是(shi)(shi)生產旺季。貴州勞務(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)派(pai)(pai)(pai)(pai)遣(qian)(qian)現在(zai)(zai)(zai)有(you)一(yi)(yi)種‘逆向派(pai)(pai)(pai)(pai)遣(qian)(qian)’的(de)(de)(de)(de)怪象，一(yi)(yi)些用(yong)(yong)人(ren)單位在(zai)(zai)(zai)勞動(dong)合(he)同法(fa)(fa)實(shi)施后，要(yao)求(qiu)正式合(he)同工與勞務(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)公(gong)(gong)(gong)司(si)簽訂派(pai)(pai)(pai)(pai)遣(qian)(qian)合(he)同轉為勞務(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)派(pai)(pai)(pai)(pai)遣(qian)(qian)工，再派(pai)(pai)(pai)(pai)回到原來的(de)(de)(de)(de)工作(zuo)崗(gang)位上(shang)去。勞務(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)派(pai)(pai)(pai)(pai)遣(qian)(qian)已(yi)經(jing)成為部(bu)分用(yong)(yong)人(ren)單位規(gui)避《勞動(dong)合(he)同法(fa)(fa)》規(gui)定的(de)(de)(de)(de)用(yong)(yong)人(ren)單位責(ze)任的(de)(de)(de)(de)一(yi)(yi)種途(tu)徑(jing)。朱某(mou)(mou)(mou)自2001年以來，每(mei)(mei)逢生產旺季，自帶其本人(ren)的(de)(de)(de)(de)小(xiao)貨車至該(gai)公(gong)(gong)(gong)司(si)從事運輸等工作(zuo)。雙方約定A公(gong)(gong)(gong)司(si)每(mei)(mei)月支(zhi)付(fu)朱某(mou)(mou)(mou)報酬(chou)(reward)2000元，油費、過路費、違章罰款等費用(yong)(yong)均由A公(gong)(gong)(gong)司(si)支(zhi)付(fu)。期(qi)間，朱某(mou)(mou)(mou)日常(chang)生活(huo)起居均在(zai)(zai)(zai)公(gong)(gong)(gong)司(si)內。某(mou)(mou)(mou)日，朱某(mou)(mou)(mou)受A公(gong)(gong)(gong)司(si)指派(pai)(pai)(pai)(pai)在(zai)(zai)(zai)購買發動(dong)機(ji)（Engine）途(tu)中發生交通事故死亡。朱某(mou)(mou)(mou)之妻向當地勞動(dong)保障部(bu)門申請工傷(shang)認(ren)(ren)定。勞動(dong)部(bu)門審查后認(ren)(ren)為朱某(mou)(mou)(mou)自備勞動(dong)工具為A公(gong)(gong)(gong)司(si)提供勞動(dong)服(fu)務(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)，具有(you)臨時性(xing)、短期(qi)性(xing)的(de)(de)(de)(de)特點，且(qie)雙方不(bu)存在(zai)(zai)(zai)管(guan)(guan)(guan)理與被管(guan)(guan)(guan)理的(de)(de)(de)(de)社(she)會關(guan)(guan)系。遂作(zuo)出工傷(shang)調查結論，認(ren)(ren)定朱某(mou)(mou)(mou)與A公(gong)(gong)(gong)司(si)之間是(shi)(shi)勞務(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)關(guan)(guan)系而非(fei)勞動(dong)關(guan)(guan)系，不(bu)屬于該(gai)局管(guan)(guan)(guan)轄(xia)范圍(fàn wéi)。朱某(mou)(mou)(mou)之妻不(bu)服(fu)，起訴(su)至法(fa)(fa)院(yuan)，請求(qiu)依法(fa)(fa)撤銷勞動(dong)部(bu)門作(zuo)出的(de)(de)(de)(de)工傷(shang)調查結論。法(fa)(fa)院(yuan)受理后，因A公(gong)(gong)(gong)司(si)于該(gai)案有(you)利害關(guan)(guan)系，依法(fa)(fa)追加(jia)A公(gong)(gong)(gong)司(si)為第三人(ren)參加(jia)訴(su)訟。

[爭議(yi)焦(jiao)點]

從表面上(shang)看，這是(shi)共同普通的工傷(shang)認(ren)定案(an)件，但案(an)件的焦點(dian)卻是(shi)朱某(mou)(mou)(mou)與A公(gong)司之(zhi)(zhi)間究竟是(shi)勞(lao)動(dong)關(guan)(guan)系還(huan)是(shi)勞(lao)務關(guan)(guan)系。如果確(que)認(ren)朱某(mou)(mou)(mou)與A公(gong)司之(zhi)(zhi)間存在勞(lao)動(dong)關(guan)(guan)系，朱某(mou)(mou)(mou)之(zhi)(zhi)死應被(bei)認(ren)定為工傷(shang)，朱某(mou)(mou)(mou)之(zhi)(zhi)妻(qi)就(jiu)能依法(fa)享受工傷(shang)待(dai)遇;如果確(que)認(ren)朱某(mou)(mou)(mou)與A公(gong)司之(zhi)(zhi)間是(shi)勞(lao)務關(guan)(guan)系，朱某(mou)(mou)(mou)之(zhi)(zhi)妻(qi)只(zhi)能尋求(qiu)民事(shi)賠(pei)償(chang)。工傷(shang)待(dai)遇與民事(shi)賠(pei)償(chang)是(shi)兩種(zhong)不同的責任(zé rèn)形式，承擔方式與待(dai)遇水平相(xiang)差較大。由(you)此可見，對勞(lao)動(dong)關(guan)(guan)系與勞(lao)務關(guan)(guan)系的不同確(que)認(ren)結果直接關(guan)(guan)系著當事(shi)人的利益(benefit)。

在本案庭審過程(guò chéng)中，圍繞著朱(zhu)某(mou)與(yu)A公(gong)司(Company)之(zhi)間究竟是勞動(dong)關系(xi)還(huan)是勞務關系(xi)這(zhe)一(yi)焦點(dian)問題(ti)(Emerson)，當事人各執一(yi)詞，并形成如下對抗意(yi)見：

1.朱(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)某(mou)自(zi)備(bei)勞(lao)動(dong)(dong)工(gong)具(ju)(ju)是(shi)(shi)否影響(influence)勞(lao)動(dong)(dong)關(guan)系(xi)(xi)的成立原(yuan)告認(ren)(ren)為(wei)朱(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)某(mou)雖(sui)然(ran)自(zi)備(bei)車(che)輛，但是(shi)(shi)開(kai)車(che)所(suo)需的油費、過路費甚至違章罰款費都由(you)A公(gong)司(si)(si)(si)承擔(dan)。如果朱(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)某(mou)是(shi)(shi)搞(gao)個體運(yun)輸的，那么上述費用開(kai)支由(you)A公(gong)司(si)(si)(si)承擔(dan)顯然(ran)不(bu)符合(he)邏輯。因此，合(he)理解釋是(shi)(shi)朱(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)某(mou)所(suo)有的機動(dong)(dong)車(che)與(yu)A公(gong)司(si)(si)(si)的關(guan)系(xi)(xi)屬租賃關(guan)系(xi)(xi)，而朱(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)某(mou)與(yu)A公(gong)司(si)(si)(si)的關(guan)系(xi)(xi)屬勞(lao)動(dong)(dong)關(guan)系(xi)(xi)。被告則認(ren)(ren)為(wei)朱(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)某(mou)自(zi)備(bei)勞(lao)動(dong)(dong)工(gong)具(ju)(ju)是(shi)(shi)為(wei)A公(gong)司(si)(si)(si)提(ti)供(gong)(gong)勞(lao)動(dong)(dong)服務。第(di)三人A公(gong)司(si)(si)(si)認(ren)(ren)為(wei)，在勞(lao)動(dong)(dong)關(guan)系(xi)(xi)里(li)，生(sheng)產(chan)工(gong)具(ju)(ju)是(shi)(shi)由(you)用人單位提(ti)供(gong)(gong)的;而在勞(lao)務關(guan)系(xi)(xi)里(li)，生(sheng)產(chan)工(gong)具(ju)(ju)則是(shi)(shi)由(you)勞(lao)動(dong)(dong)者自(zi)己提(ti)供(gong)(gong)的。朱(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)某(mou)自(zi)備(bei)小貨車(che)為(wei)A公(gong)司(si)(si)(si)提(ti)供(gong)(gong)運(yun)輸服務，二者之間不(bu)是(shi)(shi)勞(lao)動(dong)(dong)關(guan)系(xi)(xi)，而是(shi)(shi)勞(lao)務關(guan)系(xi)(xi)。

2.朱(zhu)(zhu)某與(yu)A公(gong)司(si)(Company)之間的(de)關(guan)(guan)系是(shi)否具有(you)臨(lin)時(shi)(shi)性、短期(qi)(qi)性的(de)特(te)性?被告及(ji)第三(san)人(ren)認為由于A公(gong)司(si)從(cong)事的(de)生產具有(you)明顯的(de)季節(jie)性，每年生產的(de)時(shi)(shi)間也就是(shi)2-3個月。在(zai)此(ci)情況(kuang)下(xia)，朱(zhu)(zhu)某為其提(ti)供(gong)運輸服務具有(you)短期(qi)(qi)性、臨(lin)時(shi)(shi)性的(de)特(te)點，這符(fu)合(he)勞務關(guan)(guan)系的(de)特(te)點，而(er)勞動關(guan)(guan)系一(yi)般比較穩定(ding)，時(shi)(shi)間較長，試用期(qi)(qi)都會有(you)3個月。原告認為，上述認定(ding)具有(you)主觀臆測性，難以維(wei)護(hu)眾多臨(lin)時(shi)(shi)打工者的(de)合(he)法(fa)權(quan)益，而(er)且A公(gong)司(si)的(de)生產季節(jie)性強，使得(de)勞動者不(bu)可能長期(qi)(qi)提(ti)供(gong)勞動。

3.A公(gong)(gong)司(Company)與(yu)(yu)朱(zhu)(zhu)某(mou)之間(jian)是否存在管(guan)(guan)理(li)與(yu)(yu)被管(guan)(guan)理(li)關(guan)系?被告及第三(san)人(ren)認(ren)為(wei)，證據表明朱(zhu)(zhu)某(mou)用車以(yi)外的時間(jian)由(you)朱(zhu)(zhu)某(mou)自由(you)支配(包(bao)括為(wei)其他人(ren)提(ti)供運輸服務)，不(bu)受原告規章制度的約(yue)束。因(yin)此，A公(gong)(gong)司與(yu)(yu)朱(zhu)(zhu)某(mou)不(bu)存在管(guan)(guan)理(li)與(yu)(yu)被管(guan)(guan)理(li)關(guan)系。原告則(ze)認(ren)為(wei)在朱(zhu)(zhu)某(mou)為(wei)A公(gong)(gong)司工(gong)作(zuo)期間(jian)，其日常生(sheng)活起(qi)居(ju)均(jun)在公(gong)(gong)司，A公(gong)(gong)司免(mian)費(fei)為(wei)朱(zhu)(zhu)某(mou)提(ti)供吃住并每月支付朱(zhu)(zhu)某(mou)工(gong)資2000元，而且有(you)證據表明朱(zhu)(zhu)某(mou)除承擔運輸工(gong)作(zuo)外，還(huan)受相(xiang)關(guan)主管(guan)(guan)人(ren)員(yuan)指派(pai)從事縫紉機的修理(li)等工(gong)作(zuo)。至于朱(zhu)(zhu)某(mou)在公(gong)(gong)司比較自由(you)，是由(you)于公(gong)(gong)司沒有(you)健(jian)全公(gong)(gong)司的內部管(guan)(guan)理(li)制度(Management system)，不(bu)能(neng)因(yin)此否認(ren)A公(gong)(gong)司與(yu)(yu)朱(zhu)(zhu)某(mou)之間(jian)存在管(guan)(guan)理(li)與(yu)(yu)被管(guan)(guan)理(li)關(guan)系。

[法院(yuan)審理]

法院審理后認為，本(ben)案(an)訴爭的(de)(de)是(shi)被(bei)告(gao)工(gong)(gong)傷(shang)調(diao)(diao)查結(jie)論的(de)(de)具(ju)體行(xing)政(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)行(xing)為，被(bei)告(gao)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)為勞(lao)(lao)(lao)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)保(bao)障(起(qi)保(bao)障作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)用的(de)(de)事(shi)物)行(xing)政(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)管理(public administration)部(bu)門(men)，在(zai)其(qi)(qi)職權范圍內，根(gen)據(ju)原告(gao)的(de)(de)申請(qing)，對原告(gao)之夫朱某(mou)(mou)(mou)的(de)(de)死亡(wang)是(shi)否屬于工(gong)(gong)傷(shang)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)出(chu)(chu)認定(ding)(ding)是(shi)其(qi)(qi)法定(ding)(ding)職責。工(gong)(gong)傷(shang)認定(ding)(ding)的(de)(de)前提是(shi)勞(lao)(lao)(lao)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)者與(yu)用人單位成立(li)具(ju)有(you)(you)(you)管理性(xing)質的(de)(de)勞(lao)(lao)(lao)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)關(guan)(guan)系(xi)(xi)。本(ben)案(an)中，第三人A公(gong)(gong)司主要從事(shi)床上用品的(de)(de)生(sheng)產(chan)(chan)、銷售，生(sheng)產(chan)(chan)季節性(xing)較(jiao)強，主要集中在(zai)每年7月(yue)至9月(yue)，其(qi)(qi)特殊性(xing)使得(de)勞(lao)(lao)(lao)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)者不(bu)(bu)(bu)可能(neng)(neng)長期不(bu)(bu)(bu)間斷地為其(qi)(qi)提供勞(lao)(lao)(lao)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)力(li)。且勞(lao)(lao)(lao)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)者提供勞(lao)(lao)(lao)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)的(de)(de)形式也具(ju)有(you)(you)(you)多(duo)樣性(xing)。朱某(mou)(mou)(mou)自備生(sheng)產(chan)(chan)工(gong)(gong)具(ju)在(zai)該(gai)公(gong)(gong)司從事(shi)運(yun)輸等工(gong)(gong)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)期間，有(you)(you)(you)固定(ding)(ding)的(de)(de)月(yue)收入，車輛的(de)(de)相關(guan)(guan)(related)費用(expense)也由公(gong)(gong)司承擔，顯(xian)然雙方(fang)具(ju)有(you)(you)(you)一定(ding)(ding)的(de)(de)管理與(yu)被(bei)管理關(guan)(guan)系(xi)(xi)。朱某(mou)(mou)(mou)工(gong)(gong)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)之余(yu)較(jiao)為自由，也未(wei)與(yu)公(gong)(gong)司簽訂書面的(de)(de)勞(lao)(lao)(lao)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)合同(tong)，這是(shi)該(gai)公(gong)(gong)司自身尚未(wei)健全(quan)內部(bu)管理及(ji)勞(lao)(lao)(lao)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)保(bao)障制度(du)的(de)(de)結(jie)果，不(bu)(bu)(bu)影響雙方(fang)事(shi)實（Fact)勞(lao)(lao)(lao)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)關(guan)(guan)系(xi)(xi)的(de)(de)成立(li)。被(bei)告(gao)認定(ding)(ding)朱某(mou)(mou)(mou)與(yu)A公(gong)(gong)司不(bu)(bu)(bu)存在(zai)勞(lao)(lao)(lao)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)關(guan)(guan)系(xi)(xi)、朱某(mou)(mou)(mou)死亡(wang)不(bu)(bu)(bu)屬于其(qi)(qi)管轄(xia)范圍的(de)(de)證(zheng)據(ju)尚不(bu)(bu)(bu)能(neng)(neng)達到清楚而有(you)(you)(you)說服力(li)的(de)(de)證(zheng)明(ming)標準，其(qi)(qi)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)出(chu)(chu)的(de)(de)工(gong)(gong)傷(shang)調(diao)(diao)查結(jie)論屬認定(ding)(ding)事(shi)實錯(cuo)誤。遂(sui)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)出(chu)(chu)判決(jue)，撤(che)銷勞(lao)(lao)(lao)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)部(bu)門(men)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)出(chu)(chu)的(de)(de)工(gong)(gong)傷(shang)調(diao)(diao)查結(jie)論，并責令其(qi)(qi)在(zai)判決(jue)生(sheng)效后一個月(yue)內重新(xin)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)出(chu)(chu)具(ju)體行(xing)政(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)行(xing)為。

[案件評(ping)析]

所謂勞(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)關(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)系(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)是(shi)指，勞(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)者(zhe)與(yu)用人(ren)單(dan)位之(zhi)(zhi)間(jian)存在(zai)的(de)(de)(de)，以(yi)勞(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)給付(fu)為(wei)目(mu)(mu)的(de)(de)(de)的(de)(de)(de)勞(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)權(quan)利義務(wu)(wu)關(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)系(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)。貴州勞(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)務(wu)(wu)派(pai)(pai)遣(qian)(qian)(qian)公(gong)(gong)司(si)國外(wai)主要以(yi)“項(xiang)(xiang)目(mu)(mu)型”派(pai)(pai)遣(qian)(qian)(qian)或外(wai)包為(wei)主，占整個(ge)(ge)勞(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)務(wu)(wu)派(pai)(pai)遣(qian)(qian)(qian)市場的(de)(de)(de)7成以(yi)上。在(zai)這種派(pai)(pai)遣(qian)(qian)(qian)和外(wai)包形式(shi)中(zhong)，崗(gang)(gang)位因項(xiang)(xiang)目(mu)(mu)的(de)(de)(de)設立(li)而(er)(er)存在(zai)和結束，項(xiang)(xiang)目(mu)(mu)周(zhou)期通常(chang)在(zai)12-15個(ge)(ge)星(xing)期左右，崗(gang)(gang)位人(ren)員在(zai)項(xiang)(xiang)目(mu)(mu)結束后就由勞(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)務(wu)(wu)公(gong)(gong)司(si)派(pai)(pai)遣(qian)(qian)(qian)到其他公(gong)(gong)司(si)的(de)(de)(de)項(xiang)(xiang)目(mu)(mu)工作。總(zong)體而(er)(er)言，以(yi)崗(gang)(gang)位而(er)(er)論，存在(zai)臨時性(xing)、專業性(xing)、輔助性(xing)等特征(zheng)。勞(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)務(wu)(wu)關(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)系(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)是(shi)指，勞(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)者(zhe)為(wei)被服務(wu)(wu)方提供特定(ding)(ding)的(de)(de)(de)勞(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)服務(wu)(wu)，被服務(wu)(wu)方依照約定(ding)(ding)支(zhi)付(fu)報酬所產生的(de)(de)(de)關(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)系(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)。浙江省(sheng)《勞(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)爭(zheng)議(yi)案件(jian)疑難問(wen)題討(tao)論紀要》對(dui)如何(he)區分勞(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)關(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)系(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)與(yu)勞(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)務(wu)(wu)關(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)系(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)進行了探討(tao)，認為(wei)兩者(zhe)的(de)(de)(de)區別在(zai)于(yu)：一(yi)(yi)是(shi)勞(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)關(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)系(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)除了當(dang)事(shi)人(ren)之(zhi)(zhi)間(jian)債(zhai)的(de)(de)(de)要素(su)之(zhi)(zhi)外(wai)，還含(han)有身份的(de)(de)(de)、社會(hui)(hui)的(de)(de)(de)要素(su)，而(er)(er)勞(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)務(wu)(wu)關(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)系(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)則(ze)是(shi)一(yi)(yi)種單(dan)純的(de)(de)(de)債(zhai)的(de)(de)(de)關(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)系(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi);二是(shi)勞(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)關(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)系(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)的(de)(de)(de)當(dang)事(shi)人(ren)之(zhi)(zhi)間(jian)的(de)(de)(de)關(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)系(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)一(yi)(yi)般(ban)較為(wei)穩定(ding)(ding)，而(er)(er)勞(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)務(wu)(wu)關(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)系(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)當(dang)事(shi)人(ren)之(zhi)(zhi)間(jian)的(de)(de)(de)關(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)系(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)則(ze)往往具(ju)有“臨時性(xing)、短期性(xing)、一(yi)(yi)次性(xing)”等特點;三是(shi)勞(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)關(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)系(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)中(zhong)，當(dang)事(shi)人(ren)之(zhi)(zhi)間(jian)存在(zai)管(guan)(guan)理與(yu)被管(guan)(guan)理、支(zhi)配與(yu)被支(zhi)配的(de)(de)(de)社會(hui)(hui)關(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)系(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)，勞(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)務(wu)(wu)關(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)系(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)的(de)(de)(de)當(dang)事(shi)人(ren)之(zhi)(zhi)間(jian)則(ze)不存在(zai)上述關(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)系(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)，而(er)(er)是(shi)平等主體之(zhi)(zhi)間(jian)的(de)(de)(de)合(he)同關(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)系(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)。

從字面上理(li)解，上述標準似乎十分明確(que)，但運用(yong)到具體(ti)案件中(zhong)卻依然撲朔迷(mi)離、難以(yi)界分。究(jiu)其原因，主要由兩個方面：一是勞(lao)(lao)動(dong)關(guan)系(xi)(xi)(xi)不規范。幾乎所有(you)的(de)(de)勞(lao)(lao)動(dong)關(guan)系(xi)(xi)(xi)與(yu)勞(lao)(lao)務(wu)(láo wù)關(guan)系(xi)(xi)(xi)爭議(yi)案件，當事人之(zhi)(zhi)間都沒(mei)(mei)有(you)訂(ding)立合同或者所訂(ding)立的(de)(de)合同沒(mei)(mei)有(you)明確(que)的(de)(de)約定，雙方的(de)(de)權利義務(wu)介于非(fei)“驢”非(fei)“馬”之(zhi)(zhi)間。二是勞(lao)(lao)動(dong)關(guan)系(xi)(xi)(xi)的(de)(de)多(duo)元化。隨著社(she)會的(de)(de)發展，我國(guo)的(de)(de)勞(lao)(lao)動(dong)力市場(shì chǎng)愈加(jia)活(huo)躍，用(yong)人形式也更為靈活(huo)多(duo)樣，新型勞(lao)(lao)動(dong)關(guan)系(xi)(xi)(xi)大量出現，并且勞(lao)(lao)動(dong)關(guan)系(xi)(xi)(xi)與(yu)勞(lao)(lao)務(wu)關(guan)系(xi)(xi)(xi)的(de)(de)客觀特征正(zheng)在(zai)逐(zhu)步(bu)（step by step)模糊。

如在本案中，朱某與A公司似乎形成勞(lao)務關(guan)系，因為：

1.朱某自備(bei)車輛為A公司(Company)提(ti)供(gong)(gong)運輸。一(yi)般勞(lao)動關系中，生(sheng)產(Produce)工具是用人(ren)單位(unit)提(ti)供(gong)(gong)的，而勞(lao)務關系里(li)，生(sheng)產工具通常是服(fu)務方(fang)自己提(ti)供(gong)(gong)的。

2.朱某只(zhi)在每(mei)年7月至9月的(de)(de)生(sheng)產旺季(ji)（產品產量(liang)(liang)、銷(xiao)售量(liang)(liang)增加(jia)的(de)(de)時(shi)期或時(shi)節)階段進入A公司(Company)工作(zuo)，似乎符合勞(lao)務關系“臨時(shi)性(xing)(xing)、短(duan)期性(xing)(xing)”的(de)(de)特點。

3.A公司對朱(zhu)某上(shang)下(xia)班(ban)的(de)時(shi)間(jian)沒有明確規定(guī dìng)，用車以外的(de)時(shi)間(jian)自由支配度較大，與一(yi)般(ban)勞(lao)動關系(xi)中用人單位(unit)與勞(lao)動者(zhe)之間(jian)嚴(yan)格的(de)管理(li)(li)與被管理(li)(li)關系(xi)有一(yi)定程(cheng)度的(de)差異。貴州勞(lao)務外包(bao)為(wei)(wei)(wei)外包(bao)已經成(cheng)為(wei)(wei)(wei)一(yi)個獨立于企業(ye)(ye)(ye)之外的(de)過(guo)程(cheng)，而且許多基礎數據都已經不在企業(ye)(ye)(ye)內(nei)部，這樣導致(zhi)了一(yi)個嚴(yan)峻的(de)現實問題：如何將(jiang)(jiang)生(sheng)產外包(bao)作(zuo)為(wei)(wei)(wei)一(yi)個獨立過(guo)程(cheng)而仍(reng)將(jiang)(jiang)成(cheng)為(wei)(wei)(wei)企業(ye)(ye)(ye)整(zheng)體流程(cheng)管理(li)(li)的(de)一(yi)部分，這將(jiang)(jiang)是管理(li)(li)生(sheng)產外包(bao)的(de)核(he)心(xin)。

然(ran)而，在我國勞(lao)動(dong)關(guan)系(xi)(xi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)內涵(han)發生重大變化、勞(lao)動(dong)關(guan)系(xi)(xi)與(yu)勞(lao)務(wu)關(guan)系(xi)(xi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)客觀特征正逐(zhu)步(bu)模糊(hu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)背景下，人民(min)法院(yuan)應從保護勞(lao)動(dong)者合法權益的(de)(de)(de)(de)立法精神(shen)出(chu)發，突(tu)破現(xian)行(xing)的(de)(de)(de)(de)狹隘界定和傳統觀念的(de)(de)(de)(de)慣性影響，對勞(lao)動(dong)關(guan)系(xi)(xi)作合理的(de)(de)(de)(de)擴(kuo)大解釋，從實質(zhi)上靈活地(di)把握(wo)勞(lao)動(dong)關(guan)系(xi)(xi)與(yu)勞(lao)務(wu)關(guan)系(xi)(xi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)界限。人民(min)法院(yuan)對該案的(de)(de)(de)(de)審理即充(chong)分(fen)地(di)體現(xian)了這一點。